*Doses are commonly-reported figures from public sources, not a recommendation. Educational only.
| Year | Title / venue | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Comparison of outcomes between pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone and combined gonadotropin therapy of spermatogenesis in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · human | PMID 40119359 |
| 2025 | Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy: comparison of efficacy between functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism Fertility and sterility · preclinical | PMID 39233038 |
| 2024 | Obesity-Related Hypogonadism in Women Endocrine reviews · preclinical | PMID 37559411 |
| 2024 | Quercetin Boosts Pulsatile Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Release to Improve Luteal Function via Inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3-Mediated Neuron Pyroptosis Molecular nutrition & food research · preclinical | PMID 39491793 |
| 2024 | Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy induces spermatogenesis in pituitary stalk interruption syndrome: A case report and review of the literature World journal of clinical cases · human | PMID 39015932 |
| 2023 | New Horizons: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Cognition The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · preclinical | PMID 37261390 |
| 2022 | Stress, kisspeptin, and functional hypothalamic amenorrhea Current opinion in pharmacology · preclinical | PMID 36103784 |
| 2022 | Efficacy of Pulsatile Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Therapy in Male Patients: Comparison between Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome and Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · preclinical | PMID 35218954 |
| 2022 | Modelling KNDy neurons and gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generation Current opinion in endocrine and metabolic research · preclinical | PMID 36632147 |
| 2021 | Efficacy and safety of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a multicentre clinical study Annals of translational medicine · preclinical | PMID 34277762 |
| 2018 | The Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Generator Endocrinology · preclinical | PMID 30272161 |
| 2001 | Gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-receptor antagonists Lancet (London, England) · preclinical | PMID 11734258 |
GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (LHRH)). Decapeptide hypothalamic releasing hormone that drives pituitary LH/FSH secretion in a pulsatile manner; basis of the gonadotropin axis.
Commonly discussed uses: diagnostic testing of pituitary-gonadal axis, pulsatile therapy for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (gonadorelin). There is both human and animal/preclinical research, though the depth and quality vary by indication. Note: most uses are not approved indications.
Mechanism: Decapeptide hypothalamic releasing hormone that drives pituitary LH/FSH secretion in a pulsatile manner; basis of the gonadotropin axis.
Reported considerations: flushing, headache, injection-site reaction, rare hypersensitivity. There is both human and animal/preclinical research, though the depth and quality vary by indication. Native GnRH and analogues are prescription medicines used under specialist supervision. Listed here as reference (endogenous hormone). This is not a safety endorsement; safety data for unapproved compounds is incomplete.
Commonly cited ranges (educational reference, not a recommendation): low diagnostic 100mcg IV/SC, typical pulsatile pump dosing (clinical), high clinical-protocol-defined. Administration: intravenous, subcutaneous, pulsatile pump. Half-life: 2-4 minutes.
Australian status: Prescription-only; some forms registered (diagnostic). Native GnRH and analogues are prescription medicines used under specialist supervision. Listed here as reference (endogenous hormone). General regulatory context: most active peptides are Schedule 4 and require a prescription; import via the Personal Importation Scheme requires a valid Australian prescription for prescription-only goods.
Reconstitution/storage reference: per registered product; storage: per product label.
Commonly discussed combinations (anecdotal for unapproved compounds): clinical use directed by endocrinologist. Stacking increases interaction/safety uncertainty.